服务器端配置

在VPS上架设IKEV2的详细指南

随着互联网的快速发展,VPN（虚拟专用网络）已成为保障网络安全、提升网络性能的重要工具，而IKEV2作为VPN的核心协议之一，其配置和管理对网络性能和安全性至关重要，本文将详细指导您如何在VPS（虚拟专用服务器）上配置IKEV2，确保您的网络环境安全、稳定。

什么是IKEV2？

IKEV2（Internet Key Exchange version 2）是一种用于VPN配置的加密协议，主要用于交换加密密钥，通过IKEV2，客户端（如终端机或PC）可以与服务器安全地交换密钥，从而建立加密的通信连接，与IKEV1相比，IKEV2在密钥交换机制上更加复杂和安全，适用于高敏感数据传输。

VPS上配置IKEV2的步骤

要配置VPS上的IKEV2,需要从服务器端和客户端两部分进行配置，以下是详细的配置步骤：

服务器端配置

在VPS服务器上,配置IKEV2需要在防火墙、日志、配置文件和安全组等方面进行多方面的设置。

（1）配置防火墙

防火墙是保障网络安全的第一道屏障,在VPS的防火墙中，需要启用与VPN相关的端口，

• SSH端口：通常为22，用于SSH登录。
• NAT端口：如果服务器使用NAT（网络地址转换）技术，需要启用相应的端口（如1010）。
• VPN端口：通常为2134，用于接收IKEV2协议。

配置防火墙可以通过firewall-cmd工具进行，

sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=nat
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=vpn

（2）启用日志记录

为了监控网络流量和异常操作,启用日志记录至关重要，在VPS上启用日志记录可以通过配置firewall-cmd的选项--log。

sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh --log
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=nat --log
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=vpn --log

（3）配置安全组

安全组是隔离网络流量的重要工具,在VPS上，可以通过firewall-cmd配置安全组，确保VPN流量仅限于内部网络。

sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh --group=internal
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=nat --group=internal
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=vpn --group=internal

（4）配置配置文件

在VPS上,通常会创建一个config/ikev2文件，用于存储IKEV2相关的配置参数，以下是配置文件的内容：

ikev2-section.purpose = "VPN"
ikev2-section.keysize = "1024"
ikev2-section.mtu = "1500"
ikev2-section.vni = "0"
ikev2-section.vni-range = "0-172.16.0.0/8"
ikev2-section.vni-range-destination = "172.16.0.0-172.16.31.255"
ikev2-section.assoc-filter = "ip address 127.0.0.1/8"
ikev2-section.assoc-filter-destination = "127.0.0.1/8"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter = "pppoe"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-username = "username"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-password = "password"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp = "1"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive = "1"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-timeout = "60"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-count = "5"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-size = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-timeout = "60"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-size = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-timeout = "60"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-size = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-timeout = "60"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-size = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-timeout = "60"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-size = "1500"
ikev2-section.pppoe-filter-ntrp-keepalive-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-retransmit-byte-limit-timeout = "60"
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